After you log in, there will be a brief delay (where 'brief' varies from machine to machine), and then your initial display will come up. Note that the pointer is represented by an X when the mouse is pointing to the root window (root refers to the background of the display), by a upper-left-pointing arrow when pointing to the titlebar of an xterm window, by a \Updownarrow when in the scroll bar, and (roughly) by a T ^ when in an xterm window. The pointer must be in the window that you want to type in; note that the scroll bar on the left side of the xterm window is 'in the window', as is the title bar. Some actions that take place in an xterm window are due to xterm, and can be read about in the xterm man page; others are due to twm, and can be read about in the twm man page. In particular, most of the mouse actions are due to twm.

Screen saving

X will automatically blank the screen after ten minutes of inactivity. This means that it is not necessary to lock the screen to keep from burning the phosphor; however, it is definitely a good idea to lock the screen if you are going to be away for a while and have a good reason for not logging out. In general, we have sufficient machines so that everyone can have their own; however, if you are going to be gone for more than one day, please log out so that the machine will be available to others if necessary.

Users who continually tie up machines when they are not around will be subjected to criticism.

You can lock the screen by holding down the left button on the root window, and selecting the Lock option.

Yanks and puts

X11 provides the ability to yank some lines from the screen and then put them somewhere else on the screen. This is most useful if you do a long command in one window, and decide you really wanted to do it in another. It also comes in handy if you want to include a small number of lines from one file in another (since using put isn't very fast, you won't want to do more than about 10 lines). To yank, place the pointer at the start of the text, hold the left button down and drag the mouse to the end of the text, then release the button. To put, click the middle button; the text in the buffer will be placed at the current cursor. If you are in vi, you must be in insert mode when you put or the results will not be what you expected. Note that you can choose whether or not to yank the return at the end of the line; if you do, and if you put the line to the shell, it will immediately be executed. There three other ways to yank: you can click with the left button at the start of the text, and then with the right button at the end. This will yank everything in between those two locations. A double click will yank the word that is being pointed to, and a triple click will yank the text to the right of the pointer, including the return. Note that you can point anywhere in a 'word', and double click to yank that word.

Buttons

The mouse buttons are used to control the display. Their use is somewhat complicated by the fact that you can use them in conjunction with several keys. In the following discussion, s will stand for holding the shift key down, and c will stand for holding the control key down. In general, window will mean an xterm window. When the pointer is in the scroll bar, clicking the left button moves the adjacent line of text to the top of the window, while clicking the right button moves the top line of the window down to the pointer position. Clicking the middle button moves the display to a position in the saved text that corresponds to the pointer's position in the scrollbar. You can also control the display with three of the function keys; they only affect the window that the pointer is in. F3 raises the window if it is partially obscured, and lowers it if not; F4 lowers the window, and F5 raises it.

Key	Button	Location	Action
	left	titlebar	raises window
	left	upper left of window	iconifies
	left	icon	deiconifies
	left	scrollbar	text to top
	left	window	drag to yank, single click to mark
	left	root	Window Ops menu
	middle	titlebar	drag mouse to move item
	middle	scrollbar	text to pointer
	middle	root	rlogin menu
	middle	window	puts
	right	titlebar	lowers window
	right	scrollbar	top of text to pointer
	right	window	marks end of yank (started by left), yanks
	right	root	terminal window menu
s	left	window	raises window
s	middle	window	puts
s	right	window	lowers window
c	left	window	pulls down xterm menu
c	middle	window	pulls down xterm menu
c	right	window	pulls down xterm menu
F3		window	raises/lowers window
F4		window	lowers window
F5		window	raises window

Hardcopy

Hardcopy is an option in the Window Ops menu that will allow you to make a hardcopy of any window on the screen. After selecting Hardcopy, you will get a different pointer; place this pointer in the desired window and click the left button. The 'beep' means that hardcopy has started; the 'beep beep' means it's finished. To copy the whole screen, click on the root window. Note that hardcopy works on color machines, even though the results may look funny since the printers are black and white. To get a color hardcopy, use the cHardcopy option. It works in the same fashion as hardcopy, sending the output to HP color printer in the computer room. This option should only be used with displays that are actually in color: the color hardcopies are rather expensive, and shouldn't be wasted on monochrome images.

VtX11

vtX11 is the program that runs the data analysis programs. Clicking the left mouse button when pointing at one of the choices will let you set the options for that choice; clicking on the ready box will invoke that choice. Note that you are only allowed to have one choice active at a time; vtX11 should enforce this. The programs available under vtX11 are: mkstudy, recorder, Xap, vt1, vt2, plaes, and seq. clbX11 should be available under vtX11 soon. In order to change the default parameters, you will have to move the pointer inside the appropriate box: use ctrl-h or backspace to erase one character at a time; to erase a word, use ctrl-w, and to erase the entire box, use ctrl-u (note that these are the same as for the shell). Then type the correct value. It is not necessary to type return after changing an entry, but it shouldn't hurt (although the entry will seem to disappear from the box). If things get screwed up, just click on the quit box for the program you are trying to run and try it again. It is possible that things will stay screwed up, in which case you will need to quit vtX11 and start all over. If you want to run one of these programs without using vtX11, the proper names are: mkstudy, recorderX11, vt1X11, vt2X11, plaesX11, seqX11; they are located in /usr/exp.

mapX11

mapX11 is also available; it should work just like vtX11.

Logging off

To log off, hold down the control key and press the left button in the Top-Level window, and select Quit. This should kill all the windows and log you off the system. An alternative to this is to type ctrl-d in the Top-Level window.

Hints

Remember, the pointer must be located in the window that you want to type to.

Note that you can't use the left button to scroll the screen up if you haven't used the right button to scroll it down first.

There are manual entries for most of this stuff, if you are interested.

If you pull down a menu, and decide that you don't really want to do anything on it, just release the button; X11 won't automatically do the top thing on the list.

In general, you will need to continue to hold down whatever key you are using in conjunction with the mouse button. For example, to kill a window, you would hold down the control key and click the left button and then select the Quit item.

The screen is controlled by a window manager (called twm) which reads a start-up file called .twmrc which will be located in your home directory. This file can be customized (see the manual entries for twm and xterm for more information). In general this is not recommended, as your changes may screw up other programs.

When any of the vt or map programs make a hardcopy, they copy the whole screen, exactly as you see it. This means that you cannot lower the display window while trying to hardcopy. Also, note that all windows to be copied must be fully on the screen or hardcopy will complain.